Should Drugs be Legalized - 1007 Words

Should all drugs be legalized? Suppose that someone has some life threatening illness and suppose that a drug that has not yet been approved by the FDA can cure this illness. Should he have to die just because some government bureaucrat tells him that he cannot have this drug? There are millions of AIDS patients in similar tragedy. The two most harmful and dangerous substances are alcohol and tobacco. Yet, they are legal, only because they are popular. Marianne Apostolides of the pro-legalization Lindesmith Center wrote in the Wall Street Journal: Marijuana is safer than other substances such as nicotine and steroids. Most people who use marijuana have no problem with it. â€Å"The question about legalized drugs is the defining point for a Libertarian. If you are opposed to legalizing all drugs, then you are not a Libertarian, by definition.† Sam Sloan But if we analyze did alcohol use decrease when it was legalized? Answer is No. When abortion became legal, did abortion s decrease? No. When an action becomes legal, the number of people carrying out that action increases. Drugs are not different Drugs Abuses, Crimes and Legalization Crimes will also not be reduced by drug legalization. Studies show a correlation between drug use and crime - violent crimes such as homicides, assaults and domestic violence. Why is this? Its quite simple - drugs cause violent behavior. In actuality, crime will rise when drugs are legal because more people will be taking drugs. Crime is highShow MoreRelatedShould Drugs Be Legalized? Essay1203 Words   |  5 Pageslegalization of drugs is among the most polarizing issues faced by the US government today. The increase in organized crime related to drug trafficking has forced authorities to reevaluate their stance on their legalization issue, and yet there are those in the civil society that oppose such legalization vehemently. Though there is evidence that many of the banned and scheduled substances can be attributed t o a range of health benefits and treatment of diseases, the American experience with drugs has beenRead MoreShould Drugs Be Legalized?1005 Words   |  5 Pages Drugs are upon the most controversial topics in the world, they are known for many reasons for bringing evil among the communities. They affect lower class families who struggle to make living in the world. The drug trade industry has lead politicians to corruption, because it makes them have more power. Drugs have made a huge impact in today’s society, although people will argue and agree that drugs can make the world a better place if they were just to be legalized. If drugs were to be legalizedRead MoreShould Drugs be Legalized?1187 Words   |  5 PagesDrug laws apply on state and federal levels. In federal circumstances, â€Å"convictions are from drug trafficking† and in the states, it’s for â€Å"drug possession.† The federal punishments are longer sentences and harsher punishment while t he states place the arrestee is charged with misdemeanor and is put on probation, short jail term, or a fine. However, in court, if the criminal pleads guilty, they keep a clean criminal record and take a prescribed substance abuse program†¦vacated†¦and [18 months later]Read MoreShould Drug Be Legalized?1358 Words   |  6 PagesShould Drugs Be Legalized? Drugs are actually kind of brilliant products as they bring a lot of advantages to our society especially in medical area except when someone misuses them. Because of these abuses, certain drugs have been designated as illegal articles in lots of countries across the globe. Thus, we can see that in these recent decades, our society has involved in holy drug wars with the aim to strike against this disastrous drug abuses trend. However, a new phenomenon occurs when someRead MoreDrugs Should Be Legalized?1934 Words   |  8 PagesIt seems that drugs should be legalized because, â€Å"the existing evidence suggests that net costs for drugs are higher under probation-substantially higher in some cases† (Miron, 839). Miron is proposing that prohibition leads to significantly high prices for drugs which creates incentives for suppliers to develop a black market and make enormous profits. By legalizing drugs, he argues that the price will be driven down so that the black market will be eliminated because the profits will not beRead MoreShould Drugs Be Legalized?1801 Words   |  8 PagesShould Drugs Be Legalized? What can be considered by far the most terrible evil, exciting an increasing number of very young people who cannot in consequence of the normal full life? Evil, which first brings joy, then life turns into a nightmare? Evil that breaks the health and life of the person obeyed it, all his family and friends? Evil, which spreads very quickly, while hitting not only the body but also the soul of person? Some people want to earn money from this evil, others - are trying toRead MoreShould Drugs Be Legalized?1239 Words   |  5 Pages80-90% of all inmates are incarcerated due to drug related crime or robbery to help pay for their drugs that they owe money on. For these inmates dealing with drugs is something very normal in their lives. Drugs being involved in prisons is also something that is very similar to the world. Prison guards find an inmate trying to smuggle in drugs at least once a week. As seen on Orange is the New Black in many episodes in season 2 and 3 the inmates smuggled in tobacco for cigarettes and Nicky got inRead MoreHard Drugs Should Not be Legalized937 Words   |  4 PagesKurt Cobain once expressed the idea that, â€Å"drugs are a waste of time. They destroy your memory and your self-respect and everything that goes along with your self-esteem†. The issue of drugs has always been a very controversial issue, the debate on whether or not all abusive substances should be legalized. There are many sides to this argument and in the United States this issue draws two types of people to the debate: those for the legalization of hard drugs and those against it. Ever since our earliestRead MoreShould Drugs Be Legalized?2054 Words   |  9 Pages â€Å"Drug misuse refers to the use of a drug for purposes for which it was not intended or using a drug in excessive quantities† (Powell, 2011). It is a widely discussed topic in contemporary society. The argument as to whether drugs should be legalised has been ongoing for many decades. Legalisation and regulation of some illicit drugs are now on the agenda. Statistics have shown that in 2014-2015, around 1 in 12 (8.6%) adults aged 16 to 59 had taken an illicit drug (Home Office, 2015). Illicit drugRead MoreShould Marijuana Drugs Be Legalized?932 Words   |  4 PagesThe subject of drugs has certainly been an issue that has been widely discussed. Over the years, it has always boiled down to whether all drugs should be legalized or not. While the United States has been arguing over the topic of for many years, countries, such as Portugal, have taken an alternative and very unique way to fight the war on drugs. In 2001, the Portuguese government decided to flip its war on dru gs strategy entirely: It decriminalized them all (Aleem). At first, this strategy was greatly

Many Of The Main Ideas Behind The Literary Movement Of

Many of the main ideas behind the literary movement of Romanticism can be seen in Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. Although the dark motifs of her most remembered work, Frankenstein may not seem to conform to the brighter tones and subjects of the poems of her husband Percy Bysshe Shelley, and their contemporaries and friends, William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Mary Shelley was a contemporary of the romantic poets. Despite this apparent difference, Mary Shelley was deeply influenced by the romantics, and the reader of Frankenstein can certainly identify a number of characteristics of romanticism in this novel. Some critics have argued that Frankenstein is actually more sophisticated than the prose of other romantic writers, as†¦show more content†¦This is one of the ways in which Shelley, then, both embraces and simultaneously contests this particular romantic ideal. The moment which Shelley describes in Frankenstein is neither a moment recalled from her personal e xperience, such as a contemplative moment in nature, nor is the narrative voice her own, yet she is still portraying a particular quest to achieve the sublime. That quest, of course, is Victor Frankenstein’s effort to create a living being out of raw material in his laboratory. It is particularly curious that this quest occurs within the confines of Victor’s private, secluded laboratory, which is unlike the natural, pastoral environments of so many romantic texts. Yet, note the nature imagery in the following line, in which Victor expresses his feelings about the undertaking in one of the important quotes from Frankenstein by Mary Shelley : â€Å"No one can conceive the variety of feelings which bore me onwards, like a hurricane, in the first enthusiasm of success, he tells the reader, recalling the heady project in his lab. â€Å"Life and death appeared to me ideal bounds, which I should first break through†¦. A new species would bless me as its creator and sou rce; many happy and excellent natures would owe their being to me (Shelley 51). Victor Frankenstein is aromatic character to the extent that he reflected the romantic writers’ emphasis on a new way of seeing. The romantics believed that it was individual andShow MoreRelated Enlightenment, Romanticism, Realism, Modernism, and Postmodernism598 Words   |  3 Pagescan be as scary as the word computer is to others. This essay is designed to help you become a great literary interpreter. Getting the motivation is three fourths of the battle to getting into the heads of the artists. To begin, an outline of some of the literary movements has been provided. The enlightenment was also called the Age of Reason. It spanned from 1660-1770. The central idea behind the enlightenment was using reason to understand nature and guide the human existence. Some of the popularRead MoreJack London Essay1251 Words   |  6 Pagescan include all the intricacies of great literature. This is seen in many of his stories with the implementation of symbolism, many times a recurring theme in his work. Also, London used many ideas of the day such as Darwinism and Spencerism in his writings in order to better portray his views. However, perhaps one of the most telling signs that London wrote good literature was through Londons mastery of a rising literary movement known as naturalism. As seen in multitude of LondonsRead MoreHistory And Culture Of The Negritude Movement1658 Words   |  7 PagesNegritude refers to a cultural movement that was launched by French-speaking black graduate students back in the 1930s in Paris from Africa and the Caribbean territories of France s colonies. These black intellectuals gathered around issues of black internationalist and race identity initiatives to fight the imperialism by the French government. They found strength in their mutual idea of affirming pride in their shared African heritage and black identity and reclaiming self-respect, self-relianceRead MoreCritical Analysis of a Doll House1250 Words   |  5 Pageson the play is the author s cultural experience of the idealists-versus-modernists movement. The glaring flaw of A Doll house, therefore, is the absence of reconciliation. Having seen something profoundly ugly we are left with only a distressing feeling, which is the inevitable consequence when there i s no reconciliation to demonstrate the ultimate victory of the ideal (Moi 259). By comparison, Nora, one of the main character s in A Doll House, also struggled to conform to her father s and her husbandRead MoreSister Carrie by Theodore Dreiser and Stephen Crane ´s The Open Boat, Examples of American Naturalist Literature959 Words   |  4 Pages Literary naturalism was a movement that began in the late 1800s to the mid-1900s that used detailed realism to show the readers that the human character is shaped by many things that are outside of human control. This movement tried to depict everyday reality where the characters would receive symbolic, idealistic, or supernatural treatment. Literary realism was a prominent movement in the mid-1800s in Europe, and naturalism was derived from this movement; the writers were influenced largely byRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1472 Words   |  6 Pagesin 1892, is a great example of early works pertaining to femi nism and the disease of insanity. Charlotte Gilman’s own struggles as a woman, mother, and wife shine through in this short story capturing the haunting realism of a mental breakdown.The main character, much like Gilman herself, slips into bouts of depression after the birth of her child and is prescribed a ‘rest cure’ to relieve the young woman of her suffering. Any use of the mind or source of stimulus is strictly prohibited, includingRead MoreTranscendentalism, An American Philosophy1640 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican philosophers during the early to mid-1800s embraced a new liberal movement known as transcendentalism that posed a silent threat to the current social and political institutions of the time period. Henry David Thoreau acted as the father of this new philosophy that would go on to transform the social structure of America into what it is and is still becoming today. Transcendentalism is an American philosophy that humankind has an innate sense of being and knowledge of the world aroundRead MoreThe Roots Of Transcendentalism And The United States1481 Words   |  6 Pages While we go on with our daily lives, we often forget that our society has been built upon many years of history to become where it is currently; however, learning about the past, such as a historical era, may allow us to understand why our society is like the way today. As the United States grew quickly as a young nation, some people realized there were consequences to it. These people believed we were losing our intimate relationship with nature, thought people were too absorbed into changingRead MoreJohn Locke And The American Revolution1720 Words   |  7 Pagesmonarchy, however at this time there had not been many quite like it in the sense of a revolution completely doing away with monarchy. In this revolution we saw a rising movement from the people to oppose monarchy and demand a rule by the people. In this revolution we saw average people rise to take arms against King George after being inspired by literary works of revolutionary figureheads. Most commonly in the form of pamphlets, these literary masterpieces demanded change and spurred others toRead MoreTranscendentalism : An Idealistic Philosophical And Social Movement1120 Words   |  5 Pageswhich according to the dictionary means: â€Å"an idealistic philosophical and social movement that developed in New England around 1836 in reation to rationalism. Influenced by romanticism, Platonism, and Kantian philosophy, it taught that divinity pervades all nature and humanity, and its members held progressive views on feminism and communal living†. Transcendentalism is an American Literary, and philosophical movement of the early nineteenth century. This is thought is centered on Ralph Waldo Emerson

Why is it important to vote free essay sample

You cant win if you dont play. Election outcomes are determined by those who participate. Elected officials make important (often life and death) decisions about how our society will expend its collective resources and the restraints it will place on individual behavior. The drinking age, the age at which you can get a drivers license, and the amount of money your teachers receive are some of the decisions made by elected officials. In making those decisions, elected officials respond to people who bother to vote more than to those who abstain. Voting does not guarantee that ones preferences will prevail, but choosing not to vote denies a person one of they key tools of having a say in a democracy. Importance of Voting Choose Your Government This is the most obvious advantage of voting. Voting allows you to choose people you want to represent your community in the governance of your country. The winning party will govern your society and will be answerable to you. With the democratic process of voting, a balance in power can be maintained between the governance and the people. Hence, you must cast your vote for presidential elections as well as local body elections. Investing in a Better Future The objective of a government is to draft and implement various policies for the betterment of its people. From taxes to road-building, everything is decided by the policy makers that you vote and help win. The policies enforced by your chosen representative may force you to anything from a change in your daily route to an additional tax. Dont you want someone who is going to have this much control over your life to be just the right person for it, and dont you want to do your best that the one you want is the one you get? A Hard-earned Privilege The freedom to choose your own administration is one that characterizes democracy. It defines every revolution. It is a right that has been earned through the hardships suffered by past generations, quite possibly including your very own. Its a right that marks democracy apart from other modes of governance. It has to be cherished, not discarded. The above are just few of the reasons why people should vote. Voting is one of the easiest ways you can voice your opinion in a democracy. It gives you a chance to choose your own leaders and make them accountable for your development. What Is the Importance of Voting in America? By Kent Ninomiya, eHow Contributor The importance of voting in America cannot be overstated. The United States is a constitutional republic. Americans democratically elect their leaders, who in turn represent them in the legislative, judicial and executive branches of government. Some of our leaders also have the power to appoint other leaders to certain offices. Our leaders make, enforce and judge laws that impact our health, religion, money and freedoms. Many of these issues are also voted on directly during elections. It is therefore important to vote to have your say about what happens to you. Significance Every vote has significance. Several elections have been decided by a single vote. In other elections, the vote was tied and the winner decided by a coin flip. In a close presidential election, the winner is actually decided by a small number of voters in swing states. The 2000 presidential election came down to a handful of ballots in Florida. Considerations There are many issues to consider when casting your vote. Choose your leaders wisely. Politicians make laws protecting and restricting social freedoms. They determine the legality of issues like abortion, capital punishment, gay rights, civil rights and religion. Chief executives appoint judges and justices. The right to have an abortion comes down to a very slim majority vote on the U. S. Supreme Court. Supreme Court justices serve for life. A president you elect today may appoint a justice who decides American social policy for a generation. Our leaders also decide policy on issues like national security, civil liberties and the environment. If you care about these issues, you must vote. Benefits Many voters who care little about social issues care a great deal about their financial benefits. The politicians we elect decide how much we pay in taxes and how that money is spent. Bond issues and propositions on the ballot determine whether your property taxes or sales taxes will rise. Health care, Social Security and defense spending are enormous financial strains on our economy. Vote for leaders and measures that will spend money the way you want it spent. History A lot of blood has been shed through American history so that you have the right and privilege to vote. Many people sacrificed and worked tirelessly so that women, minorities and adults younger than 21 could cast ballots. Soldiers and civil rights workers died fighting for your right to vote. You owe it to them to exercise your civic responsibility. American soldiers are still fighting and dying in wars. Vote to choose leaders who make military decisions you agree with. Potential It is important to vote for Americas future potential. Ballots you cast today will impact your children, grandchildren and all the generations that follow. Vote to improve the world they will live in. Voting also sets a good example for your kids. If you dont vote, you have no right to complain about the way the country is being run. Why should you vote? Your vote counts! Learn why. In some countries, citizens are fined if they don’t vote! Some Americans think that’s a good idea. Why? Because the right to vote is one of the basic rights guaranteed by our Constitution. It is one of our most precious rights. OUR RIGHT, BUT NOT EVERYONE’S RIGHT There are hundreds of nations in the world. Only a fraction of these nations are democracies or constitutional monarchies. (A democracy is a nation headed by leaders who are elected by the people. A constitutional monarchy is a nation that is headed by a queen or king, who may not have much real power, but which has free democratic elections for all citizens. The United Kingdom, Spain, Sweden, and the Netherlands are prime examples. ) Only part of the world’s population enjoys the right to vote in free democratic elections. Nations such as India, Israel, the Czech Republic, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, Australia, Canada, and the European Union countries are democracies, although Canada and Australia still have some political ties to England. Nations such as Turkey have some democratic freedoms and some non-democratic restrictions. Many nations are monarchies, in which one family controls the government; military dictatorships, in which a non-elected leader and his army control the government by force; or, in the case of China, Communist states, in which only one political party is allowed to have power and representation. In all of these non-democratic nations, the government controls the press, and there is very little opportunity, or none, for free speech. Citizens are not allowed to publicly express any criticism of their government. The most basic rights that U. S. citizens take for granted, such as a speedy and fair trial by jury, and freedom of religion, are not recognized in these non-democratic nations. If they have elections at all, they are usually a sham. Only a few candidates are listed on the ballots, and those are for local office. The people do not get to choose their leaders. The United States is not the only democracy in the world, but it has been one of the most successful. One reason for its success is its system of laws based on the Constitution. Our Constitution allows for the possibility of change in the way we elect our leaders and representatives. But some basic rights are written into the Constitution, and as long as the United States thrives, these rights can never be taken away. One of the basic rights guaranteed by the Constitution is the right to vote. That may not seem like a big deal, but it is a very important right—only if YOU use it. Your vote is just as important as the President’s! If you don’t vote, you can’t participate fully in the democratic process. If you do vote, you are a participant. If you don’t, you can only be an onlooker. MAKING CHANGES: THE FIRST STEPS Throughout the history of our nation, changes have been made by those who organized, networked, joined forces, and expressed their opinions openly, whether or not they could vote. In many cases, public opposition was stubborn and violent. Suffragists (advocates for women’s right to vote) had to endure many injustices—when violent mobs smashed in and broke up their meetings, or getting arrested for demonstrating, for example. The Civil Rights Movement for African-Americans met seemingly unbeatable and vicious opposition. A number of civil-rights activists and leaders, black and white, were murdered. Yet the justice of their causes prevailed. They helped extend Constitutional rights and protection to those who had been denied those rights. These battles for justice were won by those who cared enough about the possibility of social change to get involved, to speak up, and even risk their lives. You don’t have to risk your life to participate in making changes, though. Voting is one way that all U. S. citizens, ages 18 to 108, can speak up. If you have never voted before, but are interested in registering to vote in the next Presidential election, we say, â€Å"Congratulations! That’s great! Let’s do it! † Once you learn how to do it, you will have a sense of satisfaction, knowing that you are participating in an important part of being an American citizen. Registering to vote is the first step in an exciting adventure. This what we hope will happen: * Because you want to be an educated voter, you will learn what you can about the candidates, the issues, and the differences between the parties’ stands on the issues that are most important to you. What do you care about? Legislative funding and support for schools for the deaf? How the candidates feel about mainstreaming? Literacy classes for deaf adults? Getting more Deaf candidates into office? Getting more sign-language interpreters at public events? More police departments learning how to communicate with Deaf people? What Deaf people can do for the environment? Do your representatives know how you feel about these issues? * You will become more interested in following news about proposed Constitutional amendments,different interpretations of the Bill of Rights, and Supreme Court cases. You will follow, with new interest, the progress of the Presidential campaigns, and coverage of the national party conventions. * You will vote in your state’s primary elections. * You will contact your local, state, and Congressional representatives and express your views to them. * You may even want to volunteer to join the local campaign committee for your favorite candidate. Even if you can’t use the voice telephone to make calls on the â€Å"telephone tree,† there is much that you can do. And if your candidate wins, you will participate in the victory celebration, knowing that you helped make it possible! You will see, through your own experience, that one person CAN make a difference. Even if your favorite candidate loses, you will have had this valuable experience, and we hope that you will want to stay involved. * You will have the satisfaction of participating actively in the democratic process, and seeing how it works on a grassroots level. Someone who doesn’t bother checking the news, doesn’t care about the election, and doesn’t go to the polls to vote loses out on this. * You can become a smarter, better-informed citizen. You can even help make history!

Meaning of Phoenix Activity and Law Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Phoenix Activity and Law. Answer: Meaning of phoenix activity In case of companies the activities that include registration of a new company for the purpose of taking over the insolvent or failed business, that can be considered as rebirth of a precursor company such activities are considered to be phoenix activity. It is mentionable here that for a phoenix activity to be legal in nature, should be performed by genuine company that failed and took the decision of liquidation (Asic, 2017). In those cases it is legitimate use of the corporate form. Under the concept of limited liability, the shareholders and directors are excused under thelaw from personal liability associated with the debts of the failed company. Thus, in other words, it can be stated that the wide range of activities with the help of which, when a company fails, the present business activities is taken over by another entity can be referred as phoenix activities of companies (Asic, 2013). Phoenix business activities range from complex illegal behavior real business rescues. Benefits of phoenix activities to the society It is a fact that, if phoenix activities are undertaken by a company with malicious motives like getting relieve from debts, such phoenix activities are indeed harmful and have negative impact. However, phoenix activities have certain benefits associated with it that turn out to be beneficial for the society it is it performed legally (Martin, 2007). Firstly, on the part of the company that decides to undertake phoenix activities due to complex situation experienced on its part like burden of huge debts which makes it difficult for the company to be functional can be prevented from getting closed completely and allow it to be functional with the help of its old set of employees with the help of undertaking phoenix activities. Thus the economic growth of the nation from the productivity of the particular company, also, does not get hindered. In addition to the above discussed aspect, with the help of phoenix activities the present employees of the company can be retained (Anderson et al., 2014). This would act as a contributing for the society in terms of maintaining the employment level and prevent adverse impact on the employment status of the society. The motives behind phoenix activities On the part of the companies undertaking phoenix activities, there can be more than one motive. From a generic perspective, companies undertake phoenix activities in situations when it is in a troublesome condition, which generally includes huge debts on these companies. The difference of motives of these companies undertaking phoenix activities usually arises from the motives and ethics associated with it (Anderson, 2015). Ethically, the difference of motives of the companies undertaking phoenix activities can arise from the fact that, certain companies undertake these activities due to the fact that it will not be able to survive otherwise with the huge debts on these companies which they are liable to pay to banks. On the other hand, there are certain companies which have unethical motives behind taking up such activities that result in different purposes behind the phoenix activities (Anderson et al., 2015). In other words, there are certain companies that perform phoenix activit ies for the purpose of avoiding making payments to the suppliers. This results in having two different sets of purposes behind phoenix activities on the part of the companies. Individuals benefiting and losing from phoenix activities In case of phoenix activities there are two parties mainly associated with it. One party is the responsible authority/ owner of the present company and another party is the person undertaking the company declared to be failed and liquidation. In case when an individual declares the company to be failed and undertake phoenix activities, there are certain advantages the person can enjoy. As already stated, legally, phoenix activities are undertaken on the part of a company only when it experiences complex situation like that of huge debts it is responsible to pay to the bank (The Joy of Business, 2017). In such cases the directors, shareholder, owner of the company is benefited under the concept of limited liability. Under the concept of limited liability, the mentioned responsible authorities of the company are generally excused by thelaw from personal liability due to the failed debts of the company. Thus, this turns out to be beneficial for the owner, directors and shareholders of t he company. Other than that, they can also keep the company running is another advantage associated with phoenix activities for the directors, shareholders and owner of the company (Anderson et al., 2017). However, the mentioned responsible authority of the company also experiences certain losses, which not only includes losing the ownership or hold on the company but it also results limited scope of getting personal credit which is also applicable for small items. In certain cases, the owner or responsible authority of the company also experiences difficulty in opening bank accounts or making online payments even after long period of occurrence of the incident. Similarly, on the part of the individual undertaking the bankrupt company, the major advantage is getting a set of experienced employees in the particular field along its expansion (The Joy of Business, 2017). However, on the part of the company undertaking the bankrupt company becomes liable to pay the debts of the previous company is the major disadvantage of the company undertaking the bankrupt company. Thus, it can be stated that, in case of phoenix activities both the parties have certain profits and losses associated with it. Section of Corporations Act 2001 prohibiting phoenix activity Various legislations have been formed for the purpose of prohibiting illegal phoenix activities. One of the mentionable legislation is Corporation Act 2001 (Cth). There is more than one section of the legislation attempting the prohibition of illegal phoenix activities (austlii, 2017). One of the mentionable sections of the legislation is 596AB according to which individuals are prohibited from entering into transactions or agreements having the intention of denying entitlements. This clearly reflects that phoenix activities of companies with the motive of getting rid of personal debts and liabilities are prohibited under the legislation. Section of Corporations Act 2001 that may be breached by phoenix activities Performing illegal phoenix activities may result in breaching various sections of Corporations Act 2001 which have been formulated with the purpose of preventing it occurrence. One of the mentionable sections of the legislation in this context is Section 181. Illegal phoenix activities usual lack good faith. Under Section 181 of Corporations Act 2001, it has been stated that under the common laws, the directors are obliged to discharge their duties and exercise their power in such a manner which demonstrates good faith intended for the best interests of the company along with having proper purpose (austlii, 2017). In case of illegal phoenix activities undertaken by companies the intention is to get rid of debts and ensure personal benefits, which would result in breach of Section 181 of Corporations Act 2001. Another section of the legislation which may be breached due to illegal phoenix activity is Section 182 (1) according which a director is prohibited from improperly using the position for the purpose of gaining an individual advantage or advantage for another individual or cause damage to the benefits of the company. In case of illegal phoenix activities the responsible individual usually misuses his/her position for the purpose of personal gain that would result in breach of Section 182 (1) of Corporations Act 2001 (austlii, 2017). Due to the breach of the above discussed sections of the act the authority of the company may be awarded with pecuniary penalties of up to $ 200, 000. Case involving phoenix activity Cook v Deeks and Hinds: PC 23 Feb 1916 is a mentionable case which includes dispute with phoenix activity undertaken by the involved parties. The case included Hinds and Deeks who were directors of a construction company. A negotiation was held between them which were considered to be lucrative and involved a construction contract with Canada Pacific Railway. In this process it was decided by them that they wanted to enter into the contact on a personal basis which also included incorporation of a new company- Dominion Construction Company for the purpose of performing the work (swarb, 2017). Dominion Construction Company taken over the contract who performed the work and make the profit. Toronto Construction Company, a shareholder took a derivative action against Dominion Construction Company as well as against the directors. The court held Hinds and Deeks to be guilty of breach of their duty in regards to their position which occurred in the process of securing the contract. It was further held that the actions they performed were also required to ensure the benefit of the shareholder- Toronto Construction Company. However, it was observed that they conducted the company affair in such a manner which deliberately exclude the interest of the shareholder and further use their influence and position to exclude the company whose interest were required to be protect by them under their duty (swarb, 2017). On this basis, it was legally concluded that the individuals having control of the company would operate in manner so as to secure the interest of the company as well as act for the benefit of the company rather than their personal interest that can be seen to be absent in case of Cook v Deeks and Hinds: PC 23 Feb 1916 due to performance of illegal phoenix activity. Effectiveness of prohibiting phoenix activity There has been various efforts in prohibiting illegal phoenix activities with the help of creating phoenix offence. However, the success of these actions is required to be analyzed. There are various legislations like Corporations Act 2001- Section 596 AB, Section 180-184 , Section 121 of Bankruptcy Act 1966 (Cth) with the help of which efforts have been made towards creating offence. However, as major issue with these phoenix prohibitions is it will be able to capture posh phoenix arrangements that exist within corporate groups which prevents involvement of assets transfer (Anderson et al., 2017). The fact cannot be ignored that with the help of such activities clear demonstration regarding the severity of with which government along with its agencies consider phoenix conduct and consider it in their mechanism can be identified. Other than that, prohibiting phoenix activity by phoenix offence also becomes inactive in case of illegal phoenix activity with the help of pre-insolvency a dvice. It is further mentionable that, in spite of applicability of duties on the part of the directors to illegal phoenix activity and the presence of civil sanctions which are formulated for enhanced level of enforcement the approximate costs of phoenix activity to the economy indicates that these activities are still prevalent indicating the failure of enforcement activities. The lack of available data also makes it difficult to identify the occurrence of these activities. The lack of affectivity of the phoenix offence actions can also be established with the help of the fact that the maximum penalty due to failure in providing liquidations with records and book is $ 9,000 which is beneficial for an individual with large sum of debts to get rid of it. According to (squarespace, 2009) it can be noticed that 75% of insolvent trading cases are won by liquidator further establishing the lack of affectivity of phoenix prohibition activities. Other than that, in only 64% of cases compe nsation order was less than $ 200,000 in only 11$ of the cases compensation order was more than $ 500,000 also establishing its limited effectively. In addition to this, approximately, 8,5000 insolvency appointment every year in which only 2 judges every year provides an average compensation order of less than $200k reflects the fact that phoenix prohibition activities in insolvent trading is not effective and in case of pre-pack of directors it provides limited barriers (squarespace, 2009). Ways in which prohibition can be structured In order to make prohibition activities more structure like phoenix prohibition activities, in a generic sense, enhanced level of detect of the activities which are prohibited like phoenix activity is required. The key of achieving success in these cases are sharing and gathering information. In order to make phoenix activities more structured, all directors are required to have direct identification number with the help of which they can link with previous and present directorships (Anderson et al., 2017). This will help in having the present company scenario along with its management which would further help in scrutiny. With the help of sharing this information to regulators associated with tackling illegal phoenix activity the occurrence can be further managed effectively. In addition to this, liquidators reports to ASIC regarding prior misconduct along with misconduct during liquidation would help in gathering and sharing meaningful information (Anderson et al., 2017). It is also important to provide the public with required information for the purpose of protecting themselves in the process of dealings with a particular company. Such initiatives would help the businesspeople to identify and protect themselves from shonky operators and help them run legitimate businesses in a fair manner. It is mentionable that disruption can be achieved easily than prevention. For the purpose of achieving this, a probationary category i.e. restricted directorships is required to be imposed on directors followed by five corporate failures on their part during a period of 10 years. These directors are then required to be restricted in the companies in which they would be eligible to manage (Anderson et al., 2017). Their names are also needed to be made available on a register. These identified directors are required to be made subjected to increased number of reporting requirements and regulatory scrutiny. Prosecution of pre-insolvency advisers helping in illegal phoenix activity is also required due to the roles played by them in the wrongdoing. With the help of meaningful penalties and the ability it prevent new company from enjoying the benefits by the court are also important in structuring prohibition. References Anderson, H. (2015). Phoenix activity-a context not a crime. Australian Insolvency Journal, 27(2), 35. Anderson, H. L., Hedges, J., Ramsay, I., Welsh, M. A. (2017). Illegal Phoenix Activity: Is a'Phoenix Prohibition'the Solution?. Anderson, H. L., O'Connell, A., Ramsay, I., Welsh, M. A., Withers, H. (2014). Defining and Profiling Phoenix Activity. Anderson, H. L., O'Connell, A., Ramsay, I., Welsh, M. A., Withers, H. (2015). Profiling Phoenix Activity: A New Taxonomy. Anderson, H., Ramsay, I., Hedges, J. and Welsh, M. (2017). Here's what must be done to detect, disrupt and deter phoenix activity in Australia. [online] The Conversation. Available at: https://theconversation.com/heres-what-must-be-done-to-detect-disrupt-and-deter-phoenix-activity-in-australia-73367 [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. Anderson, H., Ramsay, I., Hedges, J. and Welsh, M. (2017). How director ID numbers and "restricted directorships" could help stamp out phoenix activity in Australia. [online] SmartCompany. Available at: https://www.smartcompany.com.au/business-advice/legal/director-id-numbers-restricted-directorships-help-stamp-phoenix-activity-australia/ [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. Asic. (2013). Small business-illegal phoenix activity. [online] Available at: https://asic.gov.au/for-business/your-business/small-business/compliance-for-small-business/small-business-illegal-phoenix-activity/ [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. Asic. (2017). Illegal phoenix activity. [online] Available at: https://asic.gov.au/about-asic/contact-us/how-to-complain/illegal-phoenix-activity/ [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. austlii. (2017). CORPORATIONS ACT 2001. [online] Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdb/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/ [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. Martin, A. (2007). Director Duties and Phoenix Companies. Allen Arthur Robinson, Sydney. squarespace. (2009). Pre-Pack: A Legitimate means to Phoenix an Insolvent Company. [online] Available at: https://static1.squarespace.com/static/55ecf59ee4b01655ac9ab08c/t/55efa4ffe4b0a4ee627c43c3/1441768703387/Pre-Pack+170510.pdf [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. swarb. (2017). Cook v Deeks and Hinds: PC 23 Feb 1916. [online] Available at: https://swarb.co.uk/cook-v-deeks-and-hinds-pc-23-feb-1916/ [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. The Joy of Business. (2017). The Ethics Of The Phoenix. [online] Available at: https://www.thejoyofbusiness.co.uk/how/the-ethics-of-the-phoenix/ [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017].

Honeys History and Trade

Introduction Honey has is considered a sweet food that comes from bees using nectar drawn from flowers with sweet aroma. The genus apis or honey bees collect sweet aroma nectars from flowers to make honey through a process referred to as regurgitation. The food is stored in honey combs and consumed during periods of food scarcity.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Honey’s History and Trade specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The sweetness of honey comes from monosaccharides fructose and glucose. Most people prefer to use honey over sugar because of its properties in baking and sweet flavour. An analysis on the history of honey consumption reveals that its history has not only being long and mixed, honey has been used in the production of a variety of foods in the world over. This essay seeks to examine various aspects of honey such as history and origins, religious and cultural significance and main manufacturi ng processes and examples of food products. Furthermore, the essay explores composition, and nutritional and medical benefits of honey. History and Origins The history and origin of honey comes from ancient times and is long and varied. In most ancient communities, the function of honey went beyond food. Its application in ancient times included in talisman and as food sweetener. In fact, honey collection is one of the most ancient activities that span to around ten thousand years ago. The cave paintings in Valencia and ancient Egypt demonstrate that honey was widely used in most ancient cultures. In ancient Egypt, honey has been used in the production of sweetened biscuits, food flavours and traditional dishes. In China, a congregation of historians posit that its history cannot be traced. In Mesoamerica, honey was cultivated and used for a variety of purposes. In Maya culture, bees are not only sacred, but stingless bees are used for culinary purposes. However, most cultures belie ved that honey played a key role in human health. This confirms its wide application as an ointment for rashes and soothing of sore throats. Religious and Cultural Significance A number of world religions use honey for a variety of purposes. â€Å"Honey is one of the five elixirs of immorality in Hinduism religion† (Snowdon and Cliver, 1996). It is poured over deities in most Hindu ritual and is considered a potential source of blessings in most religions.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the Jewish religion, Honey is not only a symbol of New Year; it is also a sign of blessings from God. According to Snowdon and Cliver (1996), â€Å"at the traditional meal for that New year’s holiday, apple slices are dipped in honey and eaten to bring a sweet new year and some Rosh Hashanah greetings show honey and an apple, symbolizing the feast.† Buddhism on the other hand makes use of honey in Madhu Purnima. This is one of the most important festivals in the Buddha’s calendar and is widely celebrated in India and Bangladesh. In Christianity, John the Baptist is depicted to have lived on honey and wild fruits for a long period of time. In Islam, al-Nahl refers to the Honey Bee and is dedicated to entire Surah. Main Production Areas and World Trade Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) report indicate that production and trade in honey is not only increasing in the world, but is also becoming significant source of income to most regions. Competition and increasing demand for natural foods have precipitated focus for the production and trade of natural sources of food. Despite the fact that honey is cultivated worldwide, some regions of the world have higher levels of honey production. United States, China and Turkey top the list of major honey producers. Other nations on this list include Ukraine and Mexico. Mexico alone produces a n approximately ten percent of the global honey output. In France, Honey is used in most gourmet products and is produced in large quantities. Honey cultivated and produced from the French Island of Corsica is highly certified because of the high production standards. Main manufacturing processes and examples of food products Manufacturing process of honey begins with uncapping which involves the removal of thin wax layers that protects the honey cells. The wax caps are intricately cut off to expose the honey cells. According to Subramanian, Hebbar and Rastogi (2007), â€Å"honey frame processing proceeds, after a manual 2 frame model to motorized units extracting more than 12 deep supers at a time and commonly 24 to 72 frame radial extractors are used for commercial enterprises.† The whole process must be executed at temperatures below thirty degrees Celsius to avoid over-heating the honey. The honey is extracted and cleaned or purified to remove impurities. Despite the fact that different companies employ different approaches in honey extraction, the aim of the whole process is to avoid interfering with its original composition.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Honey’s History and Trade specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Honey is used in a number of food products. Honey forms the dominant ingredient in the production of honey wine. In addition to the above, it is used a sweeteners in food such as tea and milk. However, most of the honey are served and consumed raw. Composition, major and minor components (per 100gms) Being a mixture of sugar and other compounds, a large percentage of honey’s composition is carbohydrates. Fructose and glucose are the major ingredients of carbohydrates and take 38.5 and 31.0 percent respectively. It contains very small amounts of vitamins and minerals. In 100g of honey, carbohydrates take 82.4g with sugars and dietary fibre having 82.12g and 0.2g respectively. Minor components of honey include protein and water that takes up 0.3g and 17.10g respectively. According to Gheldof, Wang and Engeseth (2002), A nutritional analysis of honey illustrates that honey contains, Fructose: 38.2%, Sucrose: 1.3%, Maltose: 7.1%, Higher sugars: 1.5%, Ash: 0.2%, Glucose: 31.3%, other/undetermined: 3.2% and Water: 17.2%. Nutritional and Medical benefits Historically, Honey is a rich source of nutrients and is highly regarded because of its medicinal value. In ancient societies, honey was used in the treatment of open wounds, sore throats, and skin rashes. Today, honey is proven to possess antiseptic and antibacterial properties that are widely used in modern medicine. This confirms the reason behind its application in wound treatment. The enzyme glucose oxidase that is present in the honey is the primary ingredient in hydrogen peroxide formation. In addition to the above, it is used as a substitute for topical antibiotics in the treatme nt of diabetic ulcers. Conclusion From the analysis of the various aspects of honey, it is discerned that honey not only provides a rich source of nutrients, but also form an important ingredient in the manufacture of most antiseptics and antibiotics. The analysis of origins and components of honey provide an interesting topic that calls for deeper examination. References Gheldof, N, Wang X, and Engeseth, N. 2002. â€Å"Identification and quantification of antioxidant components of honeys from various floral sources†. J Agric Food Chem 50 (21): 5870–7.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Snowdon, J.A. Cliver, D.O. 1996. â€Å"Microorganism in honey†. Int J Food Microbiol 31(1–3): 1–26 Subramanian, R. Hebbar, H. and Rastogi, N. K. 2007. â€Å"Processing of Honey: A Review†. International Journal of Food Properties 10: 127. This essay on Honey’s History and Trade was written and submitted by user Claudia V. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Being a Surgeon

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Being a Surgeon Becoming a surgeon can take over a decade of schooling to get full certification and potentially even longer to begin your true medical practice. Investing in medical school is not only a matter of time, though; the cost is also a factor you should consider before choosing to pursue your doctorate in medicine. Life as a surgeon also comes with some special stresses. Benefits Doing good. Surgeons, as are all doctors, are required to take the Hippocratic  oath to ensure that they provide the best medical care, to the fullest extent of their abilities, to all those in need. If youre the type of person who thoroughly enjoys helping others, this career path is chock full of the opportunity to provide service and support to others as well as saving lives.   Regular career development. For those who value constant mental stimulation, few careers have practical skills that are applied as regularly as that of the medical field. Surgeons continuously learn on the job as medicine and technology constantly update and evolve. Their minds are constantly on the move, learning and applying new  medical science  almost every day.   Various career paths. Aspiring surgeons can choose from more than a dozen areas, ranging from general surgery to more specialized fields like orthopedic surgery and plastic surgery. Helping others. Not only do surgeons help their patients, they also help other aspiring clinicians. Many medical experts get the benefit of teaching students and patients about medicine and can help advance the field of medicine through research and collaboration with other medical experts. Respected career. Many consider the medical field to be among the most revered occupations, and it carries with it a higher social status than most. Many surgeons make upward of $300,000 a year, with many orthopedic surgeons exceeding $500,000. Drawbacks Expensive schooling. Although the salary for being a surgeon starts out pretty high and just keeps climbing throughout the rest of ones career, most medical students typically graduate with a large financial debt. It may take years to pay off the debt and begin to see a profitable life as a surgeon. Still, long hours arent behind you just because youve graduated from  medical school  and completed your internship and residency. Its an arduous process of acquiring  a medical license, and once youre on the staff at a hospital youll pull many overnight and emergency shifts.   High stress. A medical career can be highly emotional and draining. While some incredible highs comes with saving lives, once you begin practicing, it can take a toll on your emotional well-being when you encounter patients whom you cant save. That- paired with the long hours, difficult procedures, stressful work environment, and overwhelming responsibility- often lead to depression or at the very least anxiety problems. Time-consuming. Not only do surgeons undergo up to 15 years (or more) of schooling and training, they often must work long hours, too. This can interfere with ones personal life, limiting the amount of time the surgeon has to spend with family and friends. Lawsuits. An unfortunate side of being a surgeon is a high potential to encounter medical malpractice suits. Mistakes happen in all careers, but for medical professionals, the repercussions of mistakes can be physically damaging and even deadly. According to the Risk Authority, $381 billion was awarded in medical malpractice cases in 2017. Choosing a Career as a Surgeon Surgeons are highly respected and fulfilling, but the career is not for everyone. The long hours, huge student debt, stressful work, and years of educational preparation can deter those not dedicated to the field. However, being a surgeon comes with its fair share of advantages like a high salary, rewarding life work, and actually getting to make a difference in the world.   Really, it comes down to whether or not you have the dedication and passion for sticking with the medical field for over eight years just to get your career started. If youre ready to take the Hippocratic oath and swear to help the sick and damaged to the fullest of your ability, go ahead and apply to medical school and get started on your path to success.

American Indian and media Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

American Indian and media - Research Paper Example The Native American Indians make up a significant part of of America’s history. This marginalized group of people were the earliest inhabitants of the American continent. Though they have lived in the country for thousands of years, they belong to the minority groups in America and currently their numbers are reducing. American Indians are known for their love for reserve areas and strict cultural and economic practices. This group of people mainly fed on bush meat and gathered fruits and vegetables from the rainforests. Additionally, their men and women had well-defined roles and responsibilities in the community set up. Their men were hunters, gatherers, and warriors who were expected to get food and provide care and security for their family (Ballas n.d.). Whereas, their women were tasked with tendering and providing care for children at home. In addition, they were expected to care for the family by preparing food. The natural foods American Indians consumed were fish, buf falo, and various types of birds (Ballas). While this group enjoyed a peaceful and prosperous lifestyle, the colonization of America by Europeans changed everything and impacted heavily on their way of life. They were subjected to harsh treatment, which included racism, land alienation, and consistent wars (CBS Report, 1969). Although some of them collaborated and embraced the new European regime, majority of them resisted. Consequently, a large number migrated to other parts of America mainly Western part of United States of America. Over the years, this group has been marginalized and prejudiced, but currently, American Indians are getting the much-deserved recognition and respect from both the government and the media. Though their numbers have reduced, they remain outstanding in American history. The American Indians are globally known as the indigenous people of the area currently known as the United States of America. They were